IIS FTP 7.5
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Microsoft has completely rewritten a new FTP service for Windows Server 2008. This FTP service incorporates many new features that enable web authors to publish content better than before, and offers web administrators more security and deployment options.
This document walks you through configuring FTP authentication for IIS 7 Manager accounts in two ways: using the new FTP user interface and by directly editing the IIS 7 configuration files. It contains:
This walkthrough contains a series of steps in which you log in to your FTP site using an IIS Manager account. These steps should only be followed on the server itself using the loopback address or over SSL from a remote server. If you prefer to use a separate user account instead of an IIS 7 Manager account, create the appropriate folders and set the correct permissions for that user account when necessary.
The \"Network Service\" account is used by the COM process that handles authentication extensibility; therefore, you must grant the account specific permissions to certain folders to enable this form of authentication. To grant the \"Network Service\" account \"read\" permissions to the IIS \"config\" folder:
The settings listed in this walkthrough specify %SystemDrive%\\inetpub\\ftproot as the path to your FTP site. You are not required to use this path; however, if you change the location for your site you will have to change the site-related paths that are used throughout this walkthrough.
This section of the document walks you through the steps required to create a new FTP site from scratch and then configure the site to use the IIS 7 manager account that you created in the previous section.
Your FTP Authentication page should now show both Basic Authentication and IIS Manager Authentication enabled. If desired, disable Basic Authentication by highlighting it and clicking Disable in the Actions pane.
You must add an authorization rule so that the IIS 7 manager account can log in. Click the node for the FTP site in the tree view. Double-click the FTP Authorization Rules icon to open the FTP authorization rules feature page.
After completing all of the steps in the Configuring the IIS 7 Management Service and Creating a New FTP Site and Configuring an IIS Manager account sections of this walkthrough, you are now able to log in using the \"ftpmanager\" account that you created. To use the command-line FTP.EXE client on your IIS server:
Microsoft rewrote the FTP service for Windows Server 2008 and above. This updated FTP service incorporates many new features that enable web authors to publish content better than before, and offers web administrators more security and deployment options.
Logging on using an account with administrator privileges and opening a command-prompt by right-clicking the Command Prompt menu item that is located in the Accessories menu for Windows programs and selecting \"Run as administrator\", then typing the appropriate command listed below for your version of Windows to run the installation:
One of the above steps is required because the User Account Control (UAC) security component in the Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 operating systems prevents access to your applicationHost.config file. For more information about UAC, see User Account Control.
When the installation of FTP 7 fails for some reason, you should see a dialog with a button called \"Installation log\". Clicking the \"Installation log\" button will open the MSI installation log that was created during the installation. You can also manually enable installation logging by running the appropriate command listed below for your version of Windows. This will create a log file that will contain information about the installation process:
When you add a custom provider in the site defaults, it shows up under each site. However, if you attempt to remove or modify the settings for a custom provider at the site-level, IIS creates an empty section for the site, but the resulting configuration for each site does not change. For example, if the custom provider is enabled in the site defaults, you cannot disable it at the site-level. To work around this problem, open your applicationHost.config file as an administrator and add a element to the list of custom authentication providers, the manually add the custom provider to your settings. For example, in order to add the IIS Manager custom authentication provider, you would add settings like the following example:
In addition to these documents, the help file for the new FTP server contains a great deal of information regarding the use and administration of the new FTP server. To open the help file, open one of the FTP features in the IIS manager and click the \"Help\" item in the \"Actions\" pane.
In FTP 7.5, an FTP client can use only the -C, -1, -l, -F, -a, or -A command-line options with the NLST command. For example, the -r option (for the reverse sort direction) and the -t option (for sort by time of last write) no longer work. Because these command-line options are not documented in the RFC, Microsoft may change the implementation in the feature version of FTP.
The establishing and disconnecting of the FTP data connection is processed in the background of the response for the control connection. FTP 7.5 starts a three-way handshake to establish the data connection before it returns 200 PORT command successful as the response to the PORT command to the control connection. The 226 Transfer Complete response returns as the response of the LIST and RETR commands to the control connection before the handshake to disconnect the data connection finishes.
Beginning in FTP 7.5, the IisFtp.vbs script is no longer supported and is not included as part of the FTP 7.5 installation package. Therefore some functionality that was possible using IisFtp.vbs requires different action to be taken starting in FTP 7.5. For example, the IIsFtp.vbs /setadprop command available in Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 to create an FTP site in Active Directory isolation Mode cannot be used in FTP 7.5. Instead, use ADSI Editor to set the msIIS-FTPRoot and msIIS-FTPDir properties to point to the home directories in Active Directory Isolation Mode.
ADSI Editor is a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) editor that you can use to manage objects and attributes in Active Directory. This is installed on Windows Server 2008 domain controllers by default and will have to be manually installed on member servers.
When you configure the file servers, you must create the shares and user directories for all the users who are permitted to connect to the FTP service, including the user configured to impersonate anonymous users. Before you complete this step, consider factors such as expected disk space usage, storage management, and network traffic.
In earlier versions of IIS, the FTP service returns a 125 Data connection already open; transfer starting response for APPE, STOU, and STOR commands sent by FTP clients when the client and server are communicating over a passive mode connection. Additionally, FTP returns a 150 File status okay; about to open data connection. response for the APPE, STOU, and STOR commands over active mode connections.
In FTP 7.5 and later versions, the response message does not depend on whether the request for the data connection is over passive mode or active mode. Instead, if the data connection is already established FTP 7.5 responds with 125 Data connection already open; transfer starting. If the data connection is not already established, FTP responds with 150 File status okay; about to open data connection.
In earlier versions of IIS, the FTP service accepted both CRLF and LF as the end-of-line mark. Beginning in FTP 7.5, the use of LF as the end-of-line marker is no longer supported. According to RFC 959, FTP should follow the specifications of the Telnet protocol, where CRLF is the only valid end-of-line marker. If an FTP client tries to end a line with LF, FTP 7.5 will return the following error message:
In earlier versions of IIS, an FTP client could choose to use a port lower than 1024 for the data connection, in both passive mode and active mode FTP communications. Beginning in FTP 7.5, when an FTP client tries to use a port lower than 1024 for the data connection, FTP 7.5 will reset the underlying TCP connection. For example, if an FTP client tries to do a passive-mode upload of a file using the STOR command, and tries to use a port lower than 1024 for the data connection, the upload will fail and entries similar to the following will be written to the FTP log:
Microsoft released an updated FTP service that is available as a separate download for Windows Server 2008 and above that provides a robust, secure solution for FTP in a Windows environment. This FTP service was written specifically for Windows Server 2008 and above, and enables Web authors to publish content more easily and securely than before, and offers both Web administrators and hosters better integration, management, authentication and logging features. It should be noted that there are two FTP services available for IIS:
The new FTP service is tightly-integrated with IIS, and adopts the new configuration store that IIS is using. By way of explanation, the metabase from earlier IIS versions has been deprecated, and a new configuration system has taken its place that is based on .NET's *.config XML files. This new format is much easier to read and configure than the metabase, and the FTP service takes full advantage of this new design. The central configuration store for IIS is applicationHost.config, and all the information for the FTP is kept in this file. IIS also contains a new shared user interface, IIS Manager (pictured below), that is used to manage both Web sites and FTP sites. 153554b96e
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